Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) utilize a range of membranes, with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films standing out for their durability. This analysis focuses on the performance of PVDF membranes within MBRs, considering factors such as flux, rejection, and biofilm accumulation. The study analyzes the impact of operating parameters like feed concent

Wastewater treatment facilities are facing increasing demands to effectively remove pollutants and generate high-quality effluent. Traditional techniques often encounter limitations in eliminating certain contaminants, leading to environmental concerns. Membrane bioreactor (MBR) technology has emerged as a potential solution for optimizing wastewat